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Short message service (SMS) is a globally accepted wireless service that
enables the transmission of alphanumeric messages between mobile subscribers
and external systems such as electronic mail, paging, and voice-mail
systems.
Introduction
SMS
appeared on the wireless scene in 1991 in Europe. The European standard for
digital wireless, now known as the Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM), included short messaging services from the outset.
In North
America, SMS was made available initially on digital wireless networks built
by early pioneers such as BellSouth Mobility, PrimeCo, and Nextel, among
others. These digital wireless networks are based on GSM, code division
multiple access (CDMA), and time division multiple access (TDMA) standards.
Network
consolidation from mergers and acquisitions has resulted in large wireless
networks having nationwide or international coverage and sometimes
supporting more than one wireless technology. This new class of service
providers demands network-grade products that can easily provide a uniform
solution, enable ease of operation and administration, and accommodate
existing subscriber capacity, message throughput, future growth, and
services reliably. Short messaging service center (SMSC) solutions based on
an intelligent network (IN) approach are well suited to satisfy these
requirements, while adding all the benefits of IN implementations.
SMS provides a mechanism for transmitting
short messages to and from wireless devices. The service makes use of an
SMSC, which acts as a store-and-forward system for short messages. The
wireless network provides the mechanisms required to find the destination
station(s) and transports short messages between the SMSCs and wireless
stations. In contrast to other existing text-message transmission services
such as alphanumeric paging, the service elements are designed to provide
guaranteed delivery of text messages to the destination. Additionally, SMS
supports several input mechanisms that allow interconnection with
different message sources and destinations.
SMS
is characterized by out-of-band packet delivery and low-bandwidth message
transfer, which results in a highly efficient means for transmitting short
bursts of data. Initial applications of SMS focused on eliminating
alphanumeric pagers by permitting two-way general-purpose messaging and
notification services, primarily for voice mail. As technology and networks
evolved, a variety of services have been introduced, including e-mail, fax,
and paging integration, interactive banking, information services such as
stock quotes, and integration with Internet-based applications. Wireless
data applications include downloading of subscriber identity module (SIM)
cards for activation, debit, profile-editing purposes, wireless points of
sale (POSs), and other field-service applications such as automatic meter
reading, remote sensing, and location-based services. Additionally,
integration with the Internet spurred the development of Web-based messaging
and other interactive applications such as instant messaging, gaming, and
chatting.
Benefits of SMS
In
today's competitive world, differentiation is a significant factor in the
success of the service provider. Once the basic services, such as voice
telephony, are deployed, SMS provides a powerful vehicle for service
differentiation. If the market allows for it, SMS can also represent an
additional source of revenue for the service provider.
The
benefits of SMS to subscribers center around convenience, flexibility, and
seamless integration of messaging services and data access. From this
perspective, the primary benefit is the ability to use the handset as an
extension of the computer. SMS also eliminates the need for separate devices
for messaging because services can be integrated into a single wireless
device—the mobile terminal. These benefits normally depend on the
applications that the service provider offers. At a minimum, SMS benefits
include the following:
Delivery of notifications and alert
Guaranteed message deliver
Reliable, low-cost communication mechanism for concise information
Ability to screen messages and return calls in a selective way
Increased subscriber productivity
More
sophisticated functionality provides the following enhanced subscriber
benefits:
Delivery of messages to multiple subscribers at a time
Ability to receive diverse information
E-mail
generation
Creation of user groups
Integration with other data and Internet-based applications
All of
these benefits are attainable quickly, with modest incremental cost and
short payback periods, which make SMS an attractive investment for service
providers.
